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Competition
The economic engine under everything already described: workers competing against each other drive wages to the minimum on which life can be sustained, the 'reserve army' of the unemployed keeps them there, and commercial crises periodically hurl even the employed back into destitution.
Competition as the sharpest weapon against the workersThe minimum of wagesThe 'surplus population' as industrial reserveTrade cycles and commercial crisesWhat a crisis does to the employed