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A prince of the Russian court who became the world's most articulate anarchist.

Memoirs of a Revolutionist

Peter Kropotkin · 1899

Kropotkin's 1899 memoir is a firsthand account of one of the more improbable political conversions in modern history: a page to the Tsar and heir to a princely title who became anarchism's most respected theorist. Written from exile for a Western readership, it moves from the ceremony of the Russian court through Siberian scientific expeditions, underground propaganda work among Russian peasants and factory workers, arrest and a daring prison escape, to a life of exile, imprisonment in France, and international radical organizing. Kropotkin narrates his own radicalization as a case study in how observation — of nature, of peasant cooperation, of state repression — reshaped a life, and the book doubles as the origin story of the ideas of mutual aid and anarchist communism he spent the rest of his life defending.

This memoir describes 19th-century Russian revolutionary politics, including underground organizing, political imprisonment, and debates over political violence, from the perspective of a participant.
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52 chapters · 156,299 words · ~11.8 hr read

Contents

Part I — Childhood

The Moscow household of Kropotkin's boyhood, his father's serf-owning household, and the world he was born into before the court and the revolution.

Part II — The Corps of Pages

The elite military school for young noblemen, culminating in Kropotkin's appointment as the Tsar's own page — the privileged path he later renounced.

Part III — Siberia

Kropotkin's years as a geographer exploring Siberia and Manchuria — the expeditions he credits with shaping both his science and his politics.

Part IV — St. Petersburg: First Journey to Western Europe

Return to St. Petersburg, the Chaikovsky Circle's underground propaganda work among peasants and factory workers, and a first trip west.

Part V — The Fortress: The Escape

Arrest, imprisonment in the Peter-and-Paul Fortress, and Kropotkin's celebrated 1876 escape.

Part VI — Western Europe

Exile, imprisonment in France, and the international radical organizing that made Kropotkin anarchism's most respected theorist.